Beersheba was one of the largest and most important cities in the Land of Israel during the Byzantine period (4th-7th centuries CE). The city, which was spread over a large area and had several churches and a large military base, is also depicted on the Madaba map (6th century CE) testifying to its significance during the period.

Reconstructed here is the largest of the excavated churches. Established in the mid-6th century CE, its impressive size (41xs28m) and architecture are reminiscent of a cathedral. This was a single-apse church whose inner structure was cross-shaped. The church went out of use in the 7th century CE following the Muslim conquest of the region.